Jaw crusher



Aug. l0, 1943. o, 'Q GRUENDER y 2,326,215

JAW CRUSHER Filed Dec. 12, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet l l I I @PW #w21 Aug. l0, 1943. o. c. GRUENDER` JAw oRUsHE'R Filed Dec. l2, 193B 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 y MAQJZK O 030er@ @rae/m? NNN Aug. 1o, 1943.

o. c. GRUENDER JAW CRUSHER Filed D66. 12, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 www 07/7//07Ayn www NQ m AUE- l0, 1943 o. c. GRUENDER 2,326,215

JAW CRUSHER Filed Dec. l2, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 f2 T f [/eye/ezw" @Sfar 7 52% exea/ef Patented Aug, 10, i943 UNi'rsoijsTars-s parser orties a l 326,215 a 'Y JAW causano,4 Oscar C. Gruender`,'Milvvankee-, Wis., assigner to Nordberg ltanufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of ilVisconsin application December. 12, lees, serial No. starei teams., (oise-sei My invention relates to an improvement in jaw Crushers and for one purpose Athe provision of a Crusher which shall be vcheap to manufacture and efficient in operation.

Another purpose is the provision oi'irnproved releasing means for permitting the jaws to separate-in response to a predetermined excess crushing strain. Y

Another purpose `is the provisionV of improved means for mounting the crushing jaws. Y

Another purpose is the provisionof an improved movement of the crushing jafvvs.V

Another purpose is the provision of improved actuating. means for the moving jaw of 4a jaw Crusher. i l 1 Another purpose is theprovision of an improved adjusting `rneans cavity.

Otherobjects will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings where- 1n:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 ofFig. l.;f`

. Fig; 3 is a section on the line isi-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 Ais a vertical `section on the line 4 6 of Fig. l, with the shaft in a different position; and

Fig. 5 is a section onthe line 5 5 of Figs.'

Like parts are indicated by like `.characters throughout the specificationI and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 4i generally indi-` -for adjusting` the crushing 2t.- 2! indicates a stub shaft `mounted :within` each sleeve 'i8 and normally not rotating.4 Each shaft 2 5 has two bearing portions proper 22, 2,3 and an intermediate enlarged portion 24. i

The vfunction of the shafts 2i is to serve as a A pivot for the rotary oscillation of the below-described moving crushing jaw, generally indicated as A. They also defineA the axis of rotation of a normally xed jaw structure, generally indicated as B, when, in response to a predetermined excess crushing stress, said normally xed jaw reployed and that preferably .the insert 33 extends.

cedes `from the moving jaw through a small are of movement. i Y

The moving jaw structure A includes a top tubular strut from which downwardly extends a rear web 25 and a front web 2l, the two being connected by intermediate reinforcing webs 28 to make a powerful box-like reinforced structure. The web 2t is inwardly extended as at 29 to provide room for the recess generally indicated.

as 3i) land having inclined walls 3l, 32.v 33 is a contact insert of wear-resisting metall which `is clamped in position, for example by the clamping wedge 3'4fan`d the screw 35. It will be understood that a plurality oi such screws may be emacross substantially the entire Width olf the jaw. The other web 2i is also inwardly enlarged as at Y 36.150 give space for the inclined wall clamping Cates any suitable base or `foundation upon whichy are mounted horizontally extendingfframe members 2, 2. themembers 2, Z. At theopposite end there is a species of box, including an end Wall 4 andwebs 5 i and 6, with a topwall l. 73 indicatesany suit.- able bottom anges for engaging with andsecur- Ving to the foundation.

9 indicates an aperture or cavity. in the foundation structure to permit 3vindicates an end wall connecting ing the shaft portions i2, 23, respectively.` Any the downward discharge of the crushed mate-- rial. In an upper portion of each side wall or: frame member 2 thereV is an outwardlyextending shelf iii upon which are brackets il khaving portions l2 opposed to the upper faces .ofthe shelves lilA and secured thereto by any suitableisecurng means,

such as the bolts I3 with theirnutsM. In the upper portion ofY each bracketiis a split sleeve` including `a bottom portion I5 and Aa'to'p'portion it secured together, for example .by bolts Il.` I3 indicates a sleeve mounted between the members I5` and l5, the `outer aperture being closed for example bythe plate I9` secured by the 'screws aperture or recess 3l, the purpose of which will.

later appear.'

In order to mount the movable jaw structure A upon the shaft Zi, VI provide pairs of webs lic, lil adjacent each end of the tubular strut 25. Such websterrninate in bearing sleeves 52, 3, surround--V suitable bearings such as roller or needle bearings 44 may be interposed between the shafts 2 l, and retaining Vrings or dust sealing members 45 may be employed. The movableV jaw structure also includes side ilanges 513, 5l which extend outyWardly along each side of the crushing cavity and areadapted to receive removable Wear plates 52`Which may be secured for example by bolts 53.

In order toactuate the moving jaw I'pro-v vide a shaft generallyQindicated as` 55 lwhich includes portions 5S mounted in any suitable bearing structures 5i positioned .withinsleeve enlargements 53v formed in the side frame mem-` bers 2. The details of the bearing structure dolnot of themselves form part of lthepresent invention;` The shaf may be rotated in any suitable manner but I illustrate for exampleya pair ojifly wheels 5t, 53, one of which may be beveled asai; 5l vin' order to serve` as a drivenv member for any suitable belt, not herein shown,

whereby power may be applied for the rotation.`

In order to provide against breakage due to the passage of uncrushable material through the crushing zone, I may provide a releasing connection between the fly wheels 59 and Eil and the shaft 55. I illustrate for example Va sleeve 32 lsevedV to the shaft 55. This sleeve has an outer ange 63 in alinement with the hubY Sil which surrounds 'a cylindrical portion of the sleeve 62. As a connection between theV members t3 and Eil I provide pins S5 having reduced or weakened portions d; whereby, in response to a predetermined excess crushing pressure, thepin's rE55 may shear and break the driving connection between the shaft 55 and theiiy wheels 59 or Eil. Hardened sleeves Sl .may be employed in connection therewith, to

prevent damage to the adjacent parts. 6B isv any, suitable retaining member or plate secured for example by screws t9 to the flange 63;

'it indicatesaneccentric portion intermediate-the ends of the shaftl 55 having associated therewith eccentric bearing portions ll, l2. Surrounding the portions "il, 'E2 areV any suitable-bearing'structures '53, and 'M is a surrounding ring. or rollei1 structure adapted for engage- Vment with the contact surface of the above described hard metal insert 33 located in the rear or outer web 260i the moving jaw Vstructure A.

In order to maintain a bearingcontact between the members 33 and Ill, I may provide any suitable means for drawing the movable jaw Aoutwardly against the member M. I illustrate for example two rods l5 having hook ends 'I6 engaging eyes 'Vi in webs I8, which form part of. they jaw structure. 'i9 are abutment members extending between the side members v2 andV provided with sleeves 8i! through which tion oi the shaft 55 the ring 'M is gyrated and,.

as it contacts the member 33, it causesja movement of the jaw A about its pivot X toward and away'from the opposed xed jaw structure B.

Referring to the fixed liaw structurey B, it has a topi tubular strut corresponding to the Vstrut 25 of the moving jaw. It will be observed that this strut is somewhat. shorter than theV strut 25.' An inner web el' extendsl downwardly therefrom at one side and a rear or outer web 92 at the other. The two webs and the strut @il are tied into anAintegrally formed reinforced box-like structureby the in-' termediate webs 93. In the weby 9! there is an enlargement 94, having' a `locking recess @5 corresponding to the recess 3? of the opposite jaw. .A single web 96 extends Vfromeach endv of the'strut 3S, each terminating inv a'splitr clamping portion el' to which is secured the opposite split clamping portion 953,` the two be-v ing connectedjfor example by ears 99 and bolts' 710m These bolts are preferably breakerl bolts;

and; illustrate them, as in Fig. 3,`with a reduced central portion. Thus the moving jaw structure B is secured to the two Shafts 2l, the

' side plate members itl.

-ing lbracketfor holding the assembly IE5, i535,

shafts and the fixed jaw structure being normally held against movement but being permitted to rotate through a slight arc in the event the release mechanism below described is Yrequired to operate.

Extending from the rear face of the web Q2 is a web lli! with reinforcing webs m2. IIhis structure supports an V'arcuate surfaced transversely extending abutment member iilS, which may be opposed to plates itil engaging the shearing plug m5. It will be observed that the plug [d5 is connected by a reduced portion lii with ld is any suitable lockl'l in position.

It will be understood that in response to a predetermined excess crushing thrust the mem- Yber H55 may be sheared ori and then drop back into the space between the webs 6 and l, relieving the excess crushing pressure and preventing breakage of the parts. The plates 94 serve as spacing members for adjusting the opening of the crushing cavity. It will be understood that they may be dropped into any suitable box; structure generally indicated as H0;

I il is a tension rod having a hook at its inner end as at liZ to engage a downward extension H3 from the normally fixed jaw structure B. H4 indicates a pin on such extension H3 which is actually received by the hook H2. H5 is any suitable adjusting member for adjusting the compression of the spring llt which isv compressed between theabutment lll on the rod lll and the outer face of the end member 13.

vIt will be understood that the normally xed jaw-structure B is thus normally held in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 5.

I apply removable Vjaw wear plates to each of the jaw members, these plates being removed as they are worn down. rI'hey are preferably reversible in that ii' one edge wears off faster than the other,r they may be removed and turned upside down. Referring for example to the plate on the movable jaw, I illustrate a plate body itt having a rearward extension or expansion l2l having inclined faces |22 opposed to the inclined faces of the depression 3'! inthe enlargement 35 of the web 2. As will be'clear from 'Fig. 5, the parts are so proportioned that when the member l2l vpenetrates the Vdepression 3?, the opposed inclined faces abut while leaving a clearance between the inner end o f the member l2! and the opposed bottom of the depression t?.

|24 is an insert of a diierent material which isl `provided with securing apertures it for receiving the ends of the screws i2@ whereby, in response ,torotation oi the screws 92, the plate E20 caribe drawn snugly into position. |21 are any suitable adjusting or compression shims or Vwashers. I nd it advantageous under some circumstances to employ fiber washers.

It will be observed that one of the members |29 is flat and the other is arched, but it will be Aunderstood that any suitable form or contourrmay Abe employed.

Inforder to protect the struts .25 and 913 and tordirect thematerialundergoing crushing into thecrushing cavity ldened by the two plates 125i, I provide wear-taking and deiiector plates |30 which include arcuate portions 31 conformingrespectively tothe' tubular strutsY 25 and Sii. These arcuate portions receive any suitable securing members or screws' |32.' H33 indicates'reinforcing or outer-plates welded or otherwise secured to theV members |313 ,inv order to take wear atthe areasv of maximumfw'ear. `It will be observed that thefmembers |30 with the reinforcements |33 extend 'outwardly `overy theV upper edges of the plates 12:0.

It will be realized that whereas, I have described and'illustrated af practical ande-perative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in the size, shape, number and dispo'sitionofV I provide a single actingv jaw' structure inl which .two jaws are employed., one, the jaw A,

being adapted for rotary oscillation about the` center-XZ, and the other, the jaw B, being nor-Y maliy held against movement but being adapt-I ed for a limited rotary excursion about the same conter X, in resp-onse to an excess crush ing stress. i A i Referring for example to Fig. 3, it willfbe observed that I employ two stub shafts generally indicatedfas 2t` which are mounted oneY at each side. of the trame. Rotatable about each. such shaft are the extensions 52, e3 arranged in pairs at each side of the moving jaw A. In the space between each such pair is the extension se, 9i, 98 between thenormally xed jaw and the shaft 2|. There isthus a balanced thrustl with no tendency to tilt the axis of either shaft 2|.

By posiitoning the axis X of the shafts 2| in vertical alinement with the crushing cavity, and adjacent the top of the crushing cavity, I am able to obtain a highly advantageous crushing movement of the jaw A. 'I'here is a minimum tendency, for example, to nip or pinch rounded rocks or boulders in such fashion as to cause them to shoot upwardly out of the crushing cavity. The actual movement of the jaw in the crushing direction is slightly downwardiy as well as inwardly, with a minimum excursion, of course, at the top Vof the crushing cavity. This slight downward movement of the jaw prevents any tendency to throw the material upwardly out of the crushing cavity and results in a highly efficient crushing action,

as the crushing excursion increases in ampli-- tude from top to bottom of the crushing zone.

The ring 'it rolls against a hardened insert lit which is removable for replacement or repair.- The jaw A is yieldingly held at all times with the parte 33 and 14 in effective contact, by the employment of the springs B2.

The jaw B is normaliy in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 5. I find it desirable, however, to provide a release mechanism` for permitting the jaw B torececle in response to an excess crushing pressure, rangement is the employment in connection with a box formed by themembers and of a shear plate lbf: weakened as at and opposed A convenient ari l the box member,

be1 adjusted by the employment of shims or' adjusting platesl |64. VAnadditional safety factor is provided by the breaker bolts |00, which are designed to breakl in response to a predeterminedV .excess pressure within the crushing cavity.

-Asafurther release means I employ theshear Y, plugs or shear members tlinterposed betweenl the' sha-fett and the ny wheels @run-ve pulleys Ell-and' 561. *It `will'gbe understood; of course; that either' one ofthe pulleys Eil or bilI may be employed Vas a drive pulley and that they are of sulicient mass to have a y wheel effect. In any event, 'theshearingconnection assists in the stoppage-of the device' in the event luncrushable material passes into the 'crushing cavity.v

`It-will be observed, as'inE-ig'. `2, that the cru-shing zone isv denedby; the opposed plates It;v the s-iclefbei-ngY closed by removable wear plates 52; Any suitable eedi-ngmeans maybe employed to deliver material to the crushing cavity andv this feed'is'fum'estriotedby the pivotal means for mounting the jaw since; as is'clear from lig.Y 4, the shafts 2|l `are locatedentirely out of vertical alinement' with 'the crushing cavity.

1. Pressure release `means forrock Crusher jaws and theiike including a box member open toward the direction tromy which the pressure lis applied, a renewable break plate removably mounted on the box member, engaging the walls thereof in a planenormal to the line ofpressure, the plate being weakened adjacent the inner boundaries of the engaging surfaces, a foot extending from the jaw toward and engaging the plate in that portion of its area in line with the open portion of the box and out of line with the weakened portion of the plate, an adjusting plate interposed between the foot and the break plate and adapted to transmit pressure from one to the other.

2. Pressure release means for rock Crusher jaws and the like including a box member open toward the direction from which the pressure is applied, a renewable break plate removably mounted on engaging the walls thereof in a plane normal to the lineof pressure, the plate being weakened adjacent the inner boundaries of the engaging surfaces, the plateV being centrallyv `.thickened in line with the open portion ofthe box, the thickened portion being bounded by the weakened portion, a foot extending from the jaw toward the plate and adapted to engage the thickened portion of the plate, an adjusting plate interposed between the foot and the break plate and adapted to transmit pressure from one to the Gij to an extension |63 from the rear of the jaw E. When a predetermined crushing stress is plate i shears along the weakened lines im and the jaw i3 is allowed to move rear- Wardly a distance sufficient to prevent break,l

3.V Pressure release means for rock crusher jaws and the like including a box member open toward the direction from which the pressure is applied, a renewable break plate removably mounted on the box member, engaging the walls thereof in a plane normal to the line of pressure, the plate being weakened adjacent the inner boundaries 0i the engaging surfaces, a foot extending irozn the jaw toward and' engaging the plate in that portion of its area in line with the open. portion of the box and out of line with the weakened portion of the plate,Y an adjusting plate interposed between the foot and the break plate and adapted to transmit pressure from one to the other, means independentof the break plate and the foot for maintaining the adjusting plate in position.

4. Pressure release means for rock Crusher jaws and the likeincluding a box member open toward l a plane normal to the lineof pressure, the plate being vweakened adjacent the innerboundaries ofl the engaging surfaces, the plate being centrally thickened in line with the open portion of the box, the thickened portion being bounded by the weakened portion, a foot'extendirig from the jaw toward the plate` and adapted to' engage .the thickened portion of theplate, an adjusting plate interposed between the foot and the break plate and adapted to transmit pressure from one to the *other7 means independent otrthebreak plate and thefoot yfor maintaining the `adjusting plate in position. i y 5. In a jaw Crusher, a frame, opposed jaws mounted on said frame, one being normally ixed in relation thereto, the other being normally movable, means for imparting a crushing oscillation to said normally movable jaw, and means for supporting said jaws on said frame, including a pair of stub shafts locatedcoaxially'at opposite sides of the top of the crushing cavity defined between said jaws, and' a rupturable connection between one of said jaws and; said stub shaft adapted to permit arecessiono said vjaw in response to a `predetermined excess crushing pressure within the crushing cavity. Y Y

Y 6. In a jawcrusher, a frame, opposed jaws mounted on said frame, one being normally fixed in relation thereto, the other being normally movable, means for imparting a crushing oscillation to said normally movable jaw, and means for supporting said Vjaws on said frame, including a pair of stub shafts located coaxially at opposite sides of the top of the crushing cavity defined between said jaws, and a rupturable connection between one of said jaws and said stub shaft adapted to permit a recession of saidjjaw in response to a predetermined excess crushing pressure within the crushing cavity, said rupturable connection including split eyes and breaker bolts connecting the opposite parts of said split eyes.

7. In a jaw Crusher, a frame, opposed jaws mounted on said fra-me, onebeing normally fixed in relation thereto, the other being normally movable, means for moving the normallymovable jaw toward and away from the normally xed jaw, means for dening the axis of movement of said movable jaw and for supporting said xed jaw, including a shaft, an eye on one of said jaws surrounding said shaft and having a breaker element adapted to rupture in response to a predetermined excess crushing stress and to permit the jaw to recede from said shaft.' I

OSCAR C. GRUENDER. 

